Management of Water Holding Capacity of Drought Affected Soil by Using Sugar Cane Waste

Abstract

This study examines the effects of 1400g beds + 600g organic compost, particularly sugarcane bagasse, with various organic amendments on wheat growth and yield (Triticum aestivum L). A pot experiment was conducted with six treatments: T1 (control with 2000g soil), T2 (2000g soil + 2g DAP), T3 (1500g soil + 500g bagasse), T4 (1500g soil + 500g treated bagasse), T5 (1000g soil + 1000g bagasse), and T6 (1400g soil + 600g organic compost). Growth parameters such as germination rate, plant height, number of spikes per plant, grain yield, and thousand-grain weight were assessed, along with soil health indicators like pH, moisture content, water-holding capacity, ash content, and bulk density. Results showed that sugarcane bagasse significantly improved soil properties and wheat growth, with organic compost treatment (T6) achieving the highest germination rate (85% after 90 days) and the maximum plant height (72.1 cm). This treatment also recorded the highest number of grains per spike (52) and a thousand-grain weight of 49g, significantly improving yield quality compared to the control, which had a germination rate of 65% and plant height of 58.2 cm. Soil analysis revealed a favorable pH adjustment from 4.5 to 6.4, enhanced nutrient availability, and improved water retention. Treatments with bagasse and compost led to higher water supply, lower bulk density, healthier root development, and better aeration. These findings highlight the potential of sugarcane bagasse as an effective organic amendment to improve soil fertility and enhance wheat productivity, emphasizing the importance of sustainable agricultural practices that utilize organic waste to support soil health and food security.